Thailand
Standards for sewage from industrial plants and industrial estates
Effluent quality standard data for entrepreneurs in the industrial plants, it is well known that in various operations, there will be clearly defined laws and regulations for different departments on the discharge of wastewater. Through the control and enforcement is the “Notification of the Ministry on the determination of standards for control of sewage from the source of industrial factories and industrial estates” that must be strictly followed in order to pass the inspection and have a positive effect on the environment and those who live nearby the establishments.
| Water quality index | Standard Index | Inspection Methods |
|---|---|---|
| 1.) pH and alkalinity (pH value) | 5.5-9.0 | pH Meter |
| 2.) TDS value (Total Dissolved Solids) |
|
Evaporation rate at 103-105oC for 1 hour. |
| 3.) Suspensions (Suspended Solids) | Should not exceed 50 mg/l or may differ depending on the type of wastewater reservoir or type of industrial plants, type of wastewater treatment systems as the Pollution Control Board deems appropriate, but not more than 150 mg/l | Filtered through glass fiber filter paper (Glass Fiber Filter Disc) |
| 4.) Temperature | Not more than 40°C | Thermometer measures while taking water samples |
| 5.) Color or smell | Should not be undesirable | Undefined |
| 6.) Sulfide (Sulfide as H2S) | Not more than 1.0 mg/l. | Titrate |
| 6.) Sulfide (Sulfide as H2S) | Not more than 1.0 mg/l. | Titrate |
| 7.) Cyanide as HCN | Not more than 0.2 mg/l | Distilled and followed by Pyridine Barbituric Acid method |
| 8.) Fat, Oil and Grease | Not more than 5.0 mg/l. or may be different for each type of wastewater reservoir or type of industrial factory as the Pollution Control Board deems appropriate, but not more than 15 mg/l. | Extracted by solvent substences, then find the weight of oil and fat |
| 9.) Formaldehyde | Not more than 1.0 mg/l. | Spectrophotometry |
| 10.) Phenols | Not more than 1.0 mg/l. | Distilled and followed by 4-Aminoantipyrine method |
| 11.) Free-Chlorine | Not more than 1.0 mg/l. | Lodometric Method |
| 12.) Pesticide | Must be undetectable according to the specified inspection method | Gas-Chromatography |
| 13.) BOD for 5 days at 20 °C (Biochemical Oxygen Demand:BOD) | Not more than 20 mg/l. or different for each type of wastewater reservoir or type of industrial plants as the Pollution Control Board deems appropriate, but not more than 60 mg/l. | Azide Modification at 20°C for 5 days |
| 14.) Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen | Not more than 100 mg/l. or may be different for each type of wastewater reservoir or type of industrial factory as the Pollution Control Board deems appropriate, but not more than 200 mg/l. | Kjeldahl |
| 15.) Chemical Oxygen Demand | Not more than 120 mg/l. or may be different for each type of wastewater reservoir or type of industrial factory as the Pollution Control Board deems appropriate, but not more than 400 mg/l. | Potassium Dichromate Digestion |
| 16.) Heavy Metal | ||
| – Zinc (Zn) | Not more than 5.0 mg/l. | Atomic Absorption Spectro Photometry, Direct Aspiration Type or Plasma Emission Spectroscopy, Inductively Coupled Plama : ICP |
| – Hexavalent Chromium | Not more than 0.25 mg/l. | Atomic Absorption Spectro Photometry, Direct Aspiration Type or Plasma Emission Spectroscopy, Inductively Coupled Plama : ICP |
| – Trivalent Chromium | Not more than 0.75 mg/l. | Atomic Absorption Spectro Photometry, Direct Aspiration Type or Plasma Emission Spectroscopy, Inductively Coupled Plama : ICP |
| – Copper (Cu) | Not more than 2.0 mg/l. | Atomic Absorption Spectro Photometry, Direct Aspiration Type or Plasma Emission Spectroscopy, Inductively Coupled Plama : ICP |
| – Cadmium (Cd) | Not more than 0.03 mg/l. | Atomic Absorption Spectro Photometry, Direct Aspiration Type or Plasma Emission Spectroscopy, Inductively Coupled Plama : ICP |
| – Lead (Pb) | Not more than 0.2 mg/l. | Atomic Absorption Spectro Photometry, Direct Aspiration Type or Plasma Emission Spectroscopy, Inductively Coupled Plama : ICP |
| – Nickel (Ni) | Not more than 1.0 mg/l. | Atomic Absorption Spectro Photometry, Direct Aspiration Type or Plasma Emission Spectroscopy, Inductively Coupled Plama : ICP |
| – Manganese (Mn) | Not more than 5.0 mg/l. | Atomic Absorption Spectro Photometry, Direct Aspiration Type or Plasma Emission Spectroscopy, Inductively Coupled Plama : ICP |
| – Arsenic (As) | Not more than 0.25 mg/l. | Atomic Absorption Spectro Photometry, Direct Aspiration Type or Plasma Emission Spectroscopy, Inductively Coupled Plama : ICP |
| – Selenium (Se) | Not more than 0.02 mg/l. | Hydride Generation Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry or Inductively Coupled Plasma Emission Spectroscopy : ICP |
| – Mercury (Hg) | Not more than 0.005 mg/l. | Atomic Absorption Cold Vapour Techique |
Determined information on wastewater quality standards
Source of Information: **Notification of the Ministry of Science, Technology and Environment, No. 3 (B.E. 2539) dated January 3, 1996, regarding the determination of the standard for the control of wastewater discharged from the origin of industrial factories and industrial estates.
Effluent quality standard data since 2018 till currently
As of 2018, no factory or industry has chosen to violate these regulations, as the current cost of effluent or wastewater treatment has dropped dramatically. Compared to the impact of fines and the consequences of audits, compliance is much more cost-effective. Including innovation, technology and experience has been developing, making wastewater treatment not difficult anymore. for example Filtration of waste water, effluent before it is discharged or taken to the next stage of treatment. In the past, filtered sand was often used and it was costly due to the large volume used and must be replaced every 1-2 years.
Information on current wastewater quality standards
At present, there are water filters made of glass imported from Europe that can be used as a good replacement for sand, with a filter efficiency that is 40 times higher than sand, as well as the service life of the glass filter itself can last up to 15 years.
Information on current wastewater quality standards
At present, there are water filters made of glass imported from Europe that can be used as a good replacement for sand, with a filter efficiency that is 40 times higher than sand, as well as the service life of the glass filter itself can last up to 15 years.